United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF)

linked Nations youngsterren Fund (UNICEF)The purpose of this memo is to criti call upy summarise the trading operations of the United Nations babyren Fund (UNICEF) and its goals for the future. Following the end of World War II in 1946, The United Nations (UN) accomplished a program aimed to provide the basic necessities of look to famine and disease ridden baberen in Europe1. On the 11th of December, 1946, UNICEF was born2. UNICEF was created for the purpose of addressing the needs of underprivileged children which include diminishing the prevalence of disease, malnutrition, human immu knobficiency virus/AIDS and violence enchantment ensuring all children have access to quality education3.Work Conducted by UNICEFOne stated goal of UNICEF is to combat the inordinate number of young child and maternity related deaths4. A large proportion of these deaths occur due to preventable diseases and illnesses, malnutrition, poor sanitation and a severe lack of medical facilities5. In their efforts to minimise the deaths, UNICEF has established successful, uncomplicated and cost effective involvements within problem areas of the world6. Some of these contributions include vaccinations, antibiotics, nutritional supplements, insecticide-treated bed nets and the implementation of safer and more hygienic practices7.The prominence of HIV and AIDS in underdeveloped countries is another substantial hurdle UNICEF faces8. As well as establishing methods of preventing the transmission of HIV, UNICEF also provides protection, treatment and assume for children affected by HIV/AIDS9. In conjunction with other child protection establishments, UNICEF has instigated social protection schemes to increase exposure to education and health wager and aid communities and carers10.UNICEF has prepare the prominence of violence and exploitation of children to be one of the prime crises crosswise the globe11. Issues such as unregistered births, child labour, child marriage, sexual ex ploitation of children, womanish genital mutilation, violence against children and other human rights violations are super prevalent and insufficiently recognised and addressed12. By providing a protective environment for children and raising ken of these child abuses, UNICEF hopes to generate responses and preventative measures to counteract these violations of childrens human rights13.Another area UNICEF hopes to address is the lack of quality education gettable to many children14. According to the universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) article 26, education is a basic human right15. culture is the cornerstone of personal and societal development. Implementing the assistance of local, national and international partners, UNICEF plant life to guarantee every child is entitled to a quality education, regardless of gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic background or personal circumstances16. Gender equality is another blind drunk focus as UNICEF works to increase the number o f girls with access to education17. UNICEF approaches these educational problems with a rights-based attitude with the hope of improving some of societies entrenched inequalities18. Priorities have been established by UNICEF to overcome the problems, which include equal access, universal primary education, gender quality and female education, post-crisis and emergency education, early childhood development and enhanced educational quality19. However, UNICEF understands that its aims for universal education require a long term global commitment20.UNICEFs dominant role is that of working in emergencies and delivering adequate humanitarian assistance to children in need21. During wartimes, UNICEF initiates critical interventions to save the lives and protect the rights of vulnerable children22. The focus of these interventions is to provide and ascertain emergency healthcare, sufficient food, clean drinking water and sanitation23. Post-war restoration of educational institutions assist s with child protection and the reinstatement of normal routines24. Wartimes often bring about(predicate) increased female violence, child abduction and gathering of child soldiers. UNICEF works to combat these problems in three prevalent ways prevention, protection, recuperation and reintegration25.Criticisms of UNICEFDespite their humanitarian stance, UNICEF has received criticisms from various groups, governments and individuals for helplessness to adequately address the problems facing particular groups. Israeli non-governmental organisation NGO superintend, is highly critical of UNICEFs involvement with and funding of Palestinian Youth Association for Leadership and Rights Activation (PYALARA)26. A supposed non-political group, NGO Monitor alleges that PYALARA has been dishonest concerning its hidden agenda27. PYALARAs jejuneness newspaper has been reported by NGO Monitor to advocate overt political intentions and indirectly show support of terror attacks on civilians and suicide bombings28. UNICEF has a policy of only supporting non-political organisations and has been criticised by NGO Monitor for showing political bias or negligence in their duty to be mindful of PYALARAs true activities29.UNICEF has also been disapproved of by the American Life League for the introduction of family planning as part of their maternal and child health services30. With these new services came the distribution of contraceptives by UNICEF to countries suffering overpopulation and poverty31. Soon after this controversy, UNICEF reportedly spent vast amounts of funding to initiate sterilisation facilities in countries around the world32. Further to these claims, the Catholic Church attacked UNICEF for its promotion of contraceptives, abortion and sterilisation, and display of a suction abortion machine order form on the UNICEF website33. In 1996, following the discovery of a sterilising agent in the UNICEF distributed tetanus vaccines in the Philippines, Mexico, Nicarag ua, Tanzania, India and Nigeria, the Vatican actually withdrew its annual donation to UNICEF in condemnation of their practices34.Sudanese Oxford scholar Bona Malwal and The International Humanist and Ethical mating (IHEU) have also spoken out against UNICEF regarding Sudanese slavery. Bona Malwal believes that UNICEF is partly to blame for the continuing slavery in Sudan as they failed to act appropriately35. Malwal claims UNICEF has allowed the Sudanese government to get by all denunciation at the annual United Nations Human Rights meetings and turned a blind eye to the outrageous human rights breaches that occurred in Sudan36. In failing to acknowledge the slavery problem in Sudan and instead referring to countless abductions, Malwal holds UNICEF responsible for the hundreds of thousands of unaccounted for women and children37. Similarly, UNICEF has faced additional condemnation by the IHEU38. The IHEU have criticised UNICEF for delaying the slave rescue natural action to be u ndertaken by the Sudanese run Committee for Eradication of Abduction of Women and Children (CEAWAC)39. CEAWACs proposed operation was fiercely supported by the majority of Sudanese slaves and their families, yet UNICEF didnt act40. UNICEFs reluctance to call the victims of slavery slaves was another point for disparagement by the IHEU41.UNICEF is a humanitarian organisation, directing its efforts in various areas to help combat many of the violations against children that occur across the globe. Focus areas remain in the reduction of disease and malnutrition related deaths, dealing with HIV/AIDS sufferers, preventing the exploitation of children, ensuring equal access to education and providing sufficient support in times of emergency and conflict. However, despite its humanitarian objectives and efforts, UNICEF still receives criticism for some of its decisions and shortcomings.ReferencesInternational Humanist and Ethical Union (2005) IHEU speaks at UN of plight of Sudanese slaves, in stock(predicate) http//www.iheu.org/node/170 accessed 15 Oct 2009Mark, J. (2003) Slavery Sudanese Scholar Speaks Out online, available http//jmm.aaa.net.au/articles/11093.htm accessed 15 Oct, 2009Mosher, S. (2009) UNICEF, WHO Want Alliance with Church but shape up Abortion online, available http//www.catholic.org/international/international_story.php?id=33157 accessed 12 Oct 2009NGO Monitor (2003) UNICEF Funding Political Activities, NGO Monitor Analysis online, 1(5), available http//www.ngo-monitor.org/editions/v1n05/v1n05-1.htm accessed 12 Oct 2009Tignor, L. (2005) The true statement about UNICEF online, available http//www.all.org/article.php?id=10105 accessed 12 Oct 2009UNICEF (2006) UNICEFs Role in Emergencies online, available http//www.unicef.org/emerg/index_33296.html accessed 10 Oct 2009UNICEF (2008) Basic Education and Gender Equality UNICEF in Action online, available http//www.unicef.org/girlseducation/index_action.html accessed 10 Oct 2009UNICEF (2008) Child Pro tection from Violence, Exploitation and Abuse the Big Picture online, available http//www.unicef.org/protection/index_bigpicture.html accessed 10 Oct 2009UNICEF (2008) Children and HIV and AIDS UNICEF in Action online, available http//www.unicef.org/aids/index_42838.html accessed 10 Oct 2009UNICEF (2008) Partnership for Education and Gender Equality online, available http//www.unicef.org/girlseducation/index_44865.html accessed 10 Oct 2009UNICEF (2008) Who We Are online, available http//www.unicef.org/about/who/index_introduction.html accessed 10 Oct 2009UNICEF (2008) Young Child Survival and Development online, available http//www.unicef.org/childsurvival/index.html accessed 10 Oct 2009UNICEF (2009) Basic Education and Gender Equality online, available http//www.unicef.org/girlseducation/index.php accessed 10 Oct 2009UNICEF (2009) Child Protection from Violence, Exploitation and Abuse online, available http//www.unicef.org/protection/index.html accessed 10 Oct 2009United Nations (2 009) Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) online, available http//www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/ Accessed 14 Oct, 2009BibliographyBrizee, A. (2009) Memo Writing online, available http//owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/printable/590/ accessed 3 Oct 2009UNICEF (2008) Who We Are online, available http//www.unicef.org/about/who/index_introduction.html accessed 10 Oct 2009ibidibidUNICEF (2008) Young Child Survival and Development online, available http//www.unicef.org/childsurvival/index.html accessed 10 Oct 2009ibidibidibidUNICEF (2008) Children and HIV and AIDS UNICEF in Action online, available http//www.unicef.org/aids/index_42838.html accessed 10 Oct 2009ibidibidUNICEF (2008) Child Protection from Violence, Exploitation and Abuse the Big Picture online, available http//www.unicef.org/protection/index_bigpicture.html accessed 10 Oct 2009ibidUNICEF (2009) Child Protection from Violence, Exploitation and Abuse online, available http//www.unicef.org/protection/index.html accessed 10 Oc t 2009UNICEF (2009) Basic Education and Gender Equality online, available http//www.unicef.org/girlseducation/index.php accessed 10 Oct 2009United Nations (2009) Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) online, available http//www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/ accessed 14 Oct 2009UNICEF, Basic Education and Gender Equality onlineibidibidUNICEF (2008) Basic Education and Gender Equality UNICEF in Action online, available http//www.unicef.org/girlseducation/index_action.html accessed 10 Oct 2009UNICEF (2008) Partnership for Education and Gender Equality online, available http//www.unicef.org/girlseducation/index_44865.html accessed 10 Oct 2009UNICEF (2006) UNICEFs Role in Emergencies online, available http//www.unicef.org/emerg/index_33296.html accessed 10 Oct 2009ibidibidibidibidNGO Monitor. (2003) UNICEF Funding Political Activities, NGO Monitor Analysis online, 1(5), available http//www.ngo-monitor.org/editions/v1n05/v1n05-1.htm accessed 12 Oct 2009NGO Monitor is a Jerusalem based organisation who monitor Middle Eastern NGOs with the aim of prohibiting other NGOs from promoting perceived ideologically motivated anti-Israel agendas.PYALARA is a student run Palestinian NGO.ibidibidibidTignor, L. (2005) The Truth About UNICEF online, available http//www.all.org/article.php?id=10105 accessed 12 Oct 2009ibidibidMosher, S. (2009) UNICEF, WHO Want Alliance with Church but Promote Abortion online, available http//www.catholic.org/international/international_story.php?id=33157 accessed 12 Oct 2009Tignor, The Truth About UNICEF onlineMark, J. (2003), Slavery Sudanese Scholar Speaks Out online, available http//jmm.aaa.net.au/articles/11093.htm accessed 15 Oct, 2009ibidibidInternational Humanist and Ethical Union, (2005) IHEU speaks at UN of plight of Sudanese slaves, available http//www.iheu.org/node/170 accessed 15 Oct 2009ibidibidibid