How Do Poems Use Language to Create Imaginary Worlds?

Poppies by Mary Oliver and A Martian Sends A Postcard Home by Craig Raine, with the use of unconventional metaphors and extremely detailed observation encourage us to look upon the ordinary in a way that leads us to explore our own human nature. Unexpected connections between a previously ordinary object and something that at first seemed totally unrelated can paint a picture of another context within which we can better examine our own existence (Hirsch).This is demonstrated quite well in A Martian Sends A Postcard Home in nearly every stanza, with the alien viewpoint of everyday things leading to considerable thought about the things we take for granted. The line, â€Å"At night, when all the colours die† is a particularly vivid way of describing day turning to night and implies the alien land must be either bright all the time or of another dimension where night and day have no meaning.Similarly, Poppies describes a field of flowers in terms that evoke the passage of life i tself, with lines such as, â€Å"Of course nothing stops the cold, black, curved blade from hooking forward— of course, loss is the great lesson† describing night falling, the death of a flower as it wilts and the blade of a scythe, invoking images of the Grim Reaper (Wu). All these observations are made as metaphors as opposed to similes, forcing the reader to consider each point as being the same thing as that which it is being compared to.In doing so, the reader is actually is involved in surmising the meaning of the passage through the metaphor, in collaboration with the author (Hirsch). This allows the reader to have a deeper connection with the work than merely taking in what the author is putting across, in a way that encourages extensive internal processing of the ideas more than just a literal and factual description of the ideas the author wanted to portray may have.In Poppies, when Oliver says, â€Å"†¦that light is an invitation to happiness†¦Ã¢â ‚¬  the reader is invited to think about not just poppies in a field but their own life and how they have the opportunity to make the best of the life they lead before the â€Å"curved blade† of the night (Wu). In a slightly different vein, A Martian Sends A Postcard Home is suggesting that we pay closer attention to the world around us, a world in which â€Å"Mist is when the sky is tired of flight and rests its soft machine on he ground† and also provokes feelings of nostalgia of when the reader was young and looked up at the clouds, the â€Å"soft machines†, for long periods, looking at them in a new way (Williams 454). The poets also have an eye for incredible detail in the world around us that they use to paint a picture of a scene in layers, allowing the reader to form a three dimensional picture of the scene in their head in vivid detail.In Poppies, for example, the one field of poppies is focused on in at almost every angle; the way they sway in the win d, the way the shine, their â€Å"yellow hair† and â€Å"rough and spongy gold† leading to almost a baptism of flowers, â€Å"washed and washed in the river of earthly delight†. This seeming progression of wonder, joy, light and rebirth through the steady application of description after description of the one object (the field of poppies) give the reader pause to think on their own progression through life.With the occasional interjection about the â€Å"darkness† and the â€Å"deep, blue night† we are reminded that death is looming but it is the happiness we can create beforehand that is important, and we should pay attention to that detail (Wu). A Martian Sends A Postcard Home does not have, on the surface, as much of a singular message to communicate; it presents us with a series of common-day objects perceived through an alien lens as completely new and how they would appear to a being with no frame of reference.However, it is precisely this a lien frame of reference that gives the reader a connection between their observations and their inner thoughts. Lines such as, â€Å"Adults go to a punishment room with water and nothing to eat†, though describing the base act of going to the toilet in a humorous manner also can lead to reflection on the nature of punishment and our own frame of reference for all things around us which we observe when we don’t quite understand their context.It encourages the reader to reach harmony between our â€Å"inner selves† and the universe around them, which some argue is the entire function of poetry itself. Both these poems utilize this detail to create a living imaginary world for the reader to consider the ideas put forth within (Couch 12). In conclusion, when both metaphor and detail are brought together in this way, with the poetic language that is employed in the two pieces, a powerful representation of â€Å"truth† and â€Å"harmony† is communicated to the reader in a way that possibly the standard prose form cannot.In this essay I have shown how the poets, by including the reader in the process of forming the ultimate meaning of what they are reading by the use of metaphor, together with painting their descriptions in great detail but in such a way that obscures instant recognition of what is being described, lead the reader to deeper thought about the issues raised and about their own humanity as it relates to the world around them. Works Cited Couch, Arthur Thomas.Poetry. New York: E. P. Dutton, 1914. Print. Hirsch, Edward. â€Å"Metaphor: A Poet is a Nightingale by Edward Hirsch . † Poetry Foundation. N. p. , 23 Jan. 2006. Web. 7 Oct. 2012. . Williams, David G. â€Å"Elizabeth Bishop and the ‘Martian' Poetry of Craig Raine and Christopher Reid. † English Studies: A Journal of English Language and Literature 78. 5 (1997): 451-458. Print. Wu, Alexis. â€Å"Mary Oliver's Poppies. † alexiswupoetry. N. p. , n. d. Web. 7 Oct. 2012. .

D1 stakeholders in M&S Essay

There are many people and groups that have an interest in the running and the functions of Oxfam and we call them stake holders. Below I will give examples of stake holders and explain how they take an interest and how they influence the company. Throughout D1 I will be stating the different stake holders and their influences in the business ‘Marks & Spencer’. I will also be grading the different stakeholders from 1-10 depending on their affectivity in influencing changes in Marks & Spencer’s. Customers Customers are big stakeholders in any retail business including Marks & Spencer. Customers contribute to profit levels and turnover through buying products and services. They also have a large influence on the running of the business. This could be from requesting changes to better their needs or the needs of the environment. Without the customers of a business there would be no business simply because there would be no one to purchase the products. Customers are so important to the business that M&S introduced the loyalty card program which allows for special promotions, and special offers. This provides customers with more of a reason to shop with M&S due to the fact that it gives them bonuses for their loyalty. Customers demand a range of things, such as: cheap prices, high quality products, and a high level of customer service. Evidence of the influence that customers have is the implementation of the purchasing of carrier bags at the check-out till in their various stores. Customers will have complained that the business was not environmentally friendly enough due to their ethical persona. And this would have had an impact on the shareholders and they would have taken the information given into consideration and implemented change. For the Customers in Marks & Spencer’s I would grade them an 8 out of 10. This depends on the level the employee is at. All of the employees from managers to floor workers have a great deal of influence however the influence is greatened as you go higher up in the hierarchy. This is because the higher you are the more power and the closer you are to the shareholders who can choose whether or not to implement change.

Is tuition classes important to sudents? Essay

Students these days are increasingly pressured to churn out better and better academic results. As such, parents and the students themselves feel it is necessary to enrol in tuition classes. These after school classes, often conducted by school teachers trying to earn a little extra cash, provide an avenue to those who wish to improve on the subjects they are weak in, or secure a distinction for those they are already proficient in. Nowadays, it is actually rare to find a student, aside for those with economic difficulties, that does not attend tuition class. However, is tuition really necessary? Many students of yesteryear managed to achieve high grades in their examinations while bereft of tuition classes. Students who completed their studies in the 70s up to the early 90s typically did not attend tuition class, yet their grades were no less spectacular than those today. This is mainly because studying for exams, like any other activity, is intrinsically driven. One cannot force a student who is not motivated to swallow volumes of text and regurgitate it out during exams any more than one can force a tiger to change its stripes. Inversely, as happened of yesteryears, students who are motivated to study will do so even if the only illumination available is a guttering candle. Another unsettling aspect of modern tuition classes is that it is only available to those who can afford it. Popular teachers command top dollar for students to enrol in their classes, or have such a large class that one could mistake it for a school assembly. Tuition, unlike teachers teaching in school, is profit driven. Tuition centres allow teachers to rent their space for a percentage of the profits. If however the teacher under performs or is not economically viable, he or she will soon be given the boot. Due to its market driven structure, one can consider tuition classes a form of elitism. Students will proudly compare which of their teachers is better or how they managed to secure a position in a class with a famous teacher, while student who are from the poorer economic group can only stand by and watch. This, in turn, enforces the class divide later on. Tuition’s concept is to allow the student to practice a subject more than the given amount of hours in school. This theoretically helps the student  improve the said subject. For a majority, it really does work. Students do improve after participating in tuition classes. However, as pointed out above, studying is an intrinsic value. A student dragged kicking and screaming to do more exercises on a hated subject could potentially worsen the situation, rather than improve it. The same concept, however, has allowed for some students to truly unlock their potential. Given the vast kaleidoscope of human interactions, it is entirely possible that a student does not â€Å"click† with his or her school teacher, but gets merrily along with the tuition teacher. Any psychologist will attest to that when a person is affable to another, the quality and quantity of the message conveyed has increased potency. It is possible that a student dislikes a given subject in school, but pays complete attention in tuition classes due to the quality and charisma of the teacher. When this happens, the tuition class fulfils its objective of improving the student’s said subject. Tuition classes play a subtle, but highly important role that is not limited to the academic arena . Students from various schools often meet in tuition classes. This leads to interaction between students of different schools, classes and creeds. This lays an important foundation in the construction of a sociable person later on. The foundation of which a proper, functioning person who contributes back to society later on is built upon may, unlikely as it seems, be built during an Additional Mathematics tuition class. So is tuition necessary? My personal belief leans toward yes, it is necessary, but only for this day and age. Had this question been asked ten, twenty or even thirty years earlier, my answer would have been an unequivocal no.

Contemporary Retail Marketing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Contemporary Retail Marketing - Research Paper Example The market will be segmented based on varied demographic factors and occupation of people residing in Whitechapel London, UK. In addition, the target customers will be the young group of people including both businesspersons and employed people. The rationale behind targeting these customers is that the services of corporate banking such as providing loans and financial services are highly demanded by this people group. Moreover, these sorts of target customers in the region prevail in a higher proportion as compared to others, which in turn will create better profitability position for the company in future.It is quite indispensable for Lloyds bank to adopt a sound strategy in order to attain the above-discussed objectives. This strategy will mainly include identifying the requirements as well as the demands of corporate banking services amid the young people residing at Whitechapel. Moreover, the strategy will also entail include appraising the services that are provided by the com petitors of the bank to the customers. In addition, the offerings of the company will be positioned in the target markets through making advertisements in newspaper and media. It is worth mentioning that the aspect of marketing mix will be organized through creating an effective distribution channel for the product or services that will be available to the customers in any situation. In relation to price, discounts may be provided on loans and new terms of payment will be introduced (Sharma, 2009, p. 122).

Democratization and Egyptian Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Democratization and Egyptian Revolution - Essay Example Democratization refers to a process, which promotes or upholds democracy in the society. Historians believe that quest for civil freedom played a great role in institutionalizing democratic societies (Brown 45). The power of the people defines the system that is suitable at each instant in any democratic society. Civil rights movements usually advocates for governmental systems, which would promote the greater interest of the common person. A focus into the Arab nations would create a different picture in ones mind because it seems as if the government of the day does not respect the basic freedom of the people. It is probable that failed governments are likely to face an internal revolt. Bodies advocating for rights of humanity play a vital role in influencing the thinking of the people. For example, Muslim Brotherhood has played a protracted role in influencing the beliefs of many Muslims in Egypt (The Future of Egypt’s Democracy). There presence and influence has a stake in the current situation of Egypt. In order to understand the role of Muslim Brotherhood, it is important to explore the root of Muslim Brotherhood. Hassan al-Banna formed Muslim Brotherhood in 1928 (The Muslim Brotherhood). ... However, the movement has endured the test of time to remain viable for very many decades. Muslim Brotherhood met its first rejection by the Egyptian government after the Israel-Arab war. Muslim Brother has participated actively in political activities in Egypt. For instance, in 2005 the movement was able to clinch 88 of seats in the parliament through its â€Å"illegal† members (The Muslim Brotherhood). It became apparent that Muslim Brotherhood was a party that had influence on the lives of the Egyptians. The activities of Muslim Brothers in the last six months include active involvement political system of the country and sensitizing people to take an active role in uprising. The move by Muslim Brotherhood to take an active role in Egypt uprising aimed at changing autocratic system of governance that characterized Egypt system of governance. Arguable, political freedom occurs when the public have a stake in forming and participating in political deliberation that influence social life of the people. It is not surprising, that despite calls by human right activists in Egypt and the world, the previous regime did not acknowledge respect to human rights. History records atrocities and execution of activists that fought for democracy. The Egyptian society has embraced the teaching and objectives of Muslim Brotherhood, which have influenced the lives of Muslims across the Arab world. Currently, Muslim Brotherhood has issued threats to other Arab nations about the revolt that is eminent when democracy does not find an opportunity in the society (Brown 49). Muslim Brotherhood has a lot of influence to the politics in Palestine. Largely, the movement believes that it would influence the termination of peace treaty between Israel and Egypt if the Israelites do

The Tai Yang Syndrome and The Tao He Cheng Qi Tang of Clause Essay

The Tai Yang Syndrome and The Tao He Cheng Qi Tang of Clause - Essay Example The "Shang Han Lun" also incorporates medicial therapy into theory and patterns of diseases. Zhang Zhong Jin used short and simple sentences yet the words were layered with different meanings, and lets readers provide their own interpretation (Fan, n.d.). Thus, it is easy and very useful for doctors in various fields to apply in their own practices. In addition to this, discussion is focused on the more difficult and complicated cases because Zhang Zhong Jin expected that doctors already know the treatment and cure for common medical scenarios (Fan, n.d.). Again, this makes his theoretical discussions more interesting and useful to the practice of medicine. The "Shang Han Lun" establishes that diseases can be diagnosed through syndrome differentiation according to the 6 channels: the tai yang, yang min, shao yang, tai yin, shao yin, and jue yin. This method of diagnosis and differentiation examines the pathological changes over the route of an exogenous disease or disease due to an external factor, especially for cold induced diseases known as the "Shang Han" (Shen Nong Ltd., 2006). Based on the differentiation of diseases, syndromes are divided between the yang meridian, which focuses itself on external factors, and the yin meridian, which is about internal factors. The yang meridian is further classified into three: the tai yang, the yang ming, and the shao yang. The yin meridian is the classified into the tai yin, shao yin, and jue yin. The usual pathway of the progression of a disease through the six channels is illustrated below. Table 1. a diagram of the progression of diseases from Shen Nong Limited. Tai Yang: The greater Yang Syndrome The location of the three yang meridians are on the exterior parts of the body and as an evil develops the disease's symptoms will worsen along the more internal yin meridians (Shen Nong Ltd., 2006). The tai yang or the greater yang, refers to cold damage in general. It is also known as the exterior syndrome (Shen Nong Ltd., 2006). It focuses itself on externally contracted diseases that is caused by evils that enter the body from the outside (Greater yang disease: Pulses and signs; treatment). It refers to the original attack of an external cold evil through the pores and interstices of the skin ("TCM diagnosis," 2007). The tai yang is the first to be affected because this is the greater channel that rules the exterior of the body, such as the skin, the muscles, and the hair. This stage is broad in scope yet milder in its manifestations of symptoms, being external in essence. There are three major forms of the greater yang syndrome: (1) wind strike, (2) cold damage, and (3) warm disease. These three basic forms reflect Zhang Zhong Jin's understanding that exogenous diseases are due to the wind, the cold, or the warmth. However, less attention is given to the warm disease, and is rendered less

Leadership in healthcare practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Leadership in healthcare practice - Essay Example This essay Leadership in healthcare practice discusses that developing skills and determination for goal achievements must be a priority in career development. Leadership is a crucial aspect of healthcare practice that has a direct implication into planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating and budgeting for both the human resources and other working aids within a health care delivery facility. It is important to acquire leadership skills in a nursing training course, as it forms a basis for enabling cooperation and collaboration with other health care personnel to improve health care quality. Analysis of leadership presented in this paper encompasses on a personal reflection on the person’s leadership abilities based on the five elements of leadership ie, vision, communication skills, change, stewardship, and developing and renewing followers. I believe I possess the best communication skills in relation to my peers. Growing up as a child, I came to learn of the importance of listening as a tool for the development of communication. I thus have a strength with my listening skills that enables me to acquire concrete information and ideas that can be effectively presented to others. However, being timid is my most weakness in relation to communication skills. In as much as I can maintain a concrete communication and presentation to a tiny audience, I find it cumbersome to speak to a large audience or a meeting and a forum, thus making me not to be as articulate as when talking to a small group.